How are 18650 lithium batteries classified? | IMREN Battery

18650 lithium battery production needs to have protective circuit to prevent the battery from being overcharged and discharged. Of course, this is necessary for lithium batteries, which is also a common disadvantage of lithium batteries. Because the materials used in lithium batteries are basically lithium cobaltate materials, while lithium cobaltate batteries can not discharge with high current and have poor safety. From the perspective of classification, 18650 lithium batteries can be classified in the following ways.

1. Classified by practical performance of battery

Power type battery and energy type battery. The energy-type battery is characterized by high energy density and is mainly used for high energy output; Power type battery is characterized by high power density, and is mainly used for batteries with instantaneous high power output and output. The power and energy type lithium battery appeared with the emergence of plug-in hybrid vehicles. It requires high energy stored by the battery, which can support a distance of pure electric driving, and also has good power characteristics, and enters the hybrid mode when the battery is low.

 In a simple understanding, the energy type is similar to the marathon runner. To have endurance, it requires high capacity and low requirements for high current discharge performance; Then the power type is a sprinter, who is fighting for explosive power, but also needs endurance, otherwise the capacity is too small to run far.

2. By electrolyte material

Lithium ion batteries are divided into liquid lithium ion batteries (LIB) and polymer lithium ion batteries (PLB).

Liquid lithium ion batteries use liquid electrolyte (most of them are used for power at present). Polymer lithium ion batteries are replaced by solid polymer electrolytes, which can be either "dry" or "colloidal". At present, most of them use polymer gel electrolytes. As for solid state battery, it strictly means that both electrode and electrolyte are solid.

It is divided into cylinder, soft bag and square.

Cylindrical and square outer packages are mostly steel shells or aluminum shells. The outer package of the soft bag is aluminum-plastic film, but the soft bag is also a square. In the market, it is customary to call the aluminum-plastic film package the soft bag, and some people call the soft bag battery the polymer battery.

For cylindrical lithium-ion battery, its model is generally 5 digits. The first two digits are the diameter of the battery, and the middle two digits are the height of the battery. Unit: mm. For example, the 18650 lithium battery has a diameter of 18 mm and a height of 65 mm.

4. Classification according to electrode material

Positive material: lithium iron phosphate battery (LFP), lithium cobalt oxide battery (LCO), lithium manganate battery (LMO), (binary battery: lithium nickel manganate/lithium nickel cobalt oxide), (ternary battery: lithium nickel cobalt manganate (NCM), lithium nickel cobalt aluminate (NCA)).

Negative material: lithium titanate battery (LTO), graphene battery, carbon nanofiber battery.

As for the concept of graphene on the market, it mainly refers to graphene-based batteries, that is, adding graphene slurry to the electrode sheet or adding graphene coating to the diaphragm. Lithium nickel-acid and magnesium-based batteries are basically non-existent in the market.

Summary

As a lithium battery with very high performance contrast, the 18650 lithium battery will be used more and more widely. After all, the 18650 lithium battery is the best choice for this indispensable battery at present.